The Men who sailed with George Vancouver D - J


The following men sailed with George Vancouver on the voyage to the Northwest coast of America between 1791 and 1795 on the Chatham and Discovery.

(This page was begun in January 2005 and was last amended on 15 December 2008).

 

The Men who sailed with George Vancouver index The Men who sailed with George Vancouver A - C
The Men who sailed with George Vancouver L - 0 The Men who sailed with George Vancouver P - Z
Thomas James Dobson John Miller Garnier
Augustus Boyd Grant James Hanson
Edwin Charlton Harris Thomas Heddington
Henry Humphrys James Johnstone

 

Short biographies

 

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Thomas James Dobson

Thomas James Dobson (1771- )

Dobson was listed as being 21 years old and coming from Clapham when he joined the Discovery. He was born on 13 August 1771 and baptised on 08 September 1771 at St. John Horsleydown, Southwark, the son of Thomas and Elizabeth Dobson.

Thomas James Dobson joined the Discovery on 10 September 1792 at Nootka Sound from the Daedalus storeship. A letter written by Thomas New, master of the Daedalus, suggests Dobson was a close friend of New's son who also joined the Discovery at that time. Dobson was the only person who could read and write Spanish so he proved invaluable in the negotiations between Vancouver and Bodega y Quadra. He served as a midshipman for three years on the voyage.

Dobson kept a log during the voyage Adm 51/4534 pt. 7 Discovery covers 15 Mar. 1794 to 02 Dec. 1794 and Adm 51/4534 pt. 8 Discovery covers 02 Dec. 1794 to 01 Jul. 1795. These are also entitled no. 2 and no.3. Nos. 1 and 4 are missing.

The Discovery was Dobson's first service on a Royal Navy ship so he needed three more years service to qualify as a lieutenant. He, therefore, joined the Princess Augusta yacht on his return to Britain. He then joined, in May 1796, HMS Glenmore under Captain George Duff. He spent 20 months in the North Sea. In March 1798 Dobson joined the Cambridge for seven months under Captain Richard Boger. He was listed as a supernumerary.

Dobson was commissioned lieutenant on 09 November 1798. He was still present as such in a listing in 1805 and in that year was a lieutenant on board HMS St. Albans under Captain John Temple. There is a will for a Thomas Dobson of St. Paul's, Deptford proven 27 February 1813 (PROB 11/1541). Nothing else is known about him.

 

Lieutenant's certificate for Thomas Dobson
In pursuance, etc of the xxxxx, we have examined Mr. Thomas Dobson xxxx xxxxx who by certificate appears to be more than 27 years of age, & find he has gone to sea more than six years in the Ships and qualities undermentioned (viz)
Ship
Starting date
Quality
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Y
M
W
D
Discovery 10 September 1792 Midshipman
3
1
3
6
Princess Augusta 04 November 1795 AB
0
7
0
6
Glenmore 24 May 1796 Ordinary
0
0
3
6
Glenmore 20 June 1796 Midshipman & Master's mate
1
0
1
4
Glenmore 01 July 1797 AB
0
8
3
1
Cambridge 04 March 1798 Supernumerary
0
7
3
5
 
 
Total
6
1
1
0

Journals from Glenmore and Cambridge. He produceth Certificates from Captains Vancouver, Rious, Duff and Boger of his diligence, etc. He can splice, knot, reef a sail, etc and is qualified to do the duty of an Able Seaman and Midshipman. Dated the 09 November 1795.

 

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John Miller Garnier

John Miller Garnier (1774-1802) (amended 17 December 2008)

John Miller Garnier was born at Rookesbury Park near Wickham in Hampshire on 15 October 1774 and baptised on 25 October 1774 at Wickham. He was the fourth son of George Charles Garnier and his wife Margaret (née Miller). Charles Garnier often entertained literary celebrities such as Garrick, Churchill and Sotheby at Rookesbury. John's older brother, Thomas, was Dean of Winchester from 1840 until 1872.

Garnier joined the Royal Navy on board HMS Dido in October 1787 under Captain Charles Sandys. Garnier spent three years on the Dido, which Sandys took to Nova Scotia in April 1788. Captain Edward Buller assumed command in July 1790 in Halifax. In December 1790, Garnier then joined HMS Hector, commanded by Captain George Montagu. Garnier moved to the Chatham for Vancouver's expedition on 06 March 1791 as a midshipman until 01 February 1794. He then became clerk. On 29 September 1795, Garnier resumed as a midshipman. He spent the whole voyage on Chatham. He does not feature in the record of the voyage, nor does he appear to have kept a log.

After the voyage with Vancouver, Garnier passed his lieutenant's examination and was commissioned on 09 November 1795. He served on HMS Namur from 1796 and joined HMS Sans Pareil in 1797 under Captain William Browell (colleagues James Johnstone and Alexander Menzies from the Vancouver expedition were also on board for part of this time).

Garnier was promoted to commander on 27 August 1800. Shortly after, in early 1801, Captain John Miller Garnier was in command of HMS Hawk in the Leeward Islands in the West Indies. They took part in the landings, which led to the surrender of the Danish and Dutch possessions in the West Indies in the spring of that year. Afterwards Captain Garnier was given an acting order and rear admiral Duckworth's first lieutenant, George William Blamey, was appointed to succeed him on the Hawk. Garnier was appointed to HMS Southampton in May 1801 and made a captain on 03 August 1801.

However, Garnier died of yellow fever in the West Indies on 28 October 1801. Two of his brothers, George and Henry, also died from yellow fever in the West Indies. Garnier left no will.

The German naturalist Alexander von Humboldt, encountered Garnier and described the meeting in Travels to the Equinoctial Regions of America, 3:

The packet boats (correos) from Corunna bound for the Havannah and Mexico had been due three months; and it was believed they had been taken by the English cruisers stationed on this coast. Anxious to reach Cumana, in order to avail ourselves of the first opportunity that might offer for our passage to Vera Cruz, we hired an open boat called a lancha, a sort of craft employed habitually in the latitudes east of Cape Codera where the sea is scarcely ever rough. Our lancha, which was laden with cacao, carried on a contraband trade with the island of Trinidad. For this reason the owner imagined we had nothing to fear from the enemy's vessels, which then blockaded all the Spanish ports. We embarked our collection of plants, our instruments and our monkeys; and, the weather being delightful, we hoped to make a very short passage from the mouth of the Rio Neveri to Cumana: but we had scarcely reached the narrow channel between the continent and the rocky isles of Borracha and the Chimanas, when to our great surprise we came in sight of an armed boat, which, whilst hailing us from a great distance, fired some musket-shot at us. The boat belonged to a privateer of Halifax; and I recognized among the sailors a Prussian, a native of Memel. I had found no opportunity, since my arrival in America, of expressing myself in my native language, and I could have wished to have spoken it on a less unpleasant occasion. Our protestations were without effect: we were carried on board the privateer, and the captain, affecting not to recognize the passports delivered by the governor of Trinidad for the illicit trade, declared us to be a lawful prize. Being a little in the habit of speaking English, I entered into conversation with the captain, begging not to be taken to Nova Scotia, but to be put on shore on the neighbouring coast. While I endeavoured, in the cabin, to defend my own rights and those of the owner of the lancha, I heard a noise on deck. Something was whispered to the captain, who left us in consternation. Happily for us, an English sloop of war, the Hawk, was cruising in those parts, and had signalled the captain to bring to; but the signal not being promptly answered, a gun was fired from the sloop and a midshipman sent on board our vessel. He was a polite young man, and gave me hopes that the lancha, which was laden with cacao, would be given up, and that on the following day we might pursue our voyage. In the meantime he invited me to accompany him on board the sloop, assuring me that his commander, Captain Garnier, would furnish me with better accommodation for the night than I should find in the vessel from Halifax.

I accepted these obliging offers and was received with the utmost kindness by Captain Garnier, who had made the voyage to the north-west coast of America with Vancouver, and who appeared to be highly interested in all I related to him respecting the great cataracts of Atures and Maypures, the bifurcation of the Orinoco and its communication with the Amazon. He introduced to me several of his officers who had been with Lord Macartney in China. I had not, during the space of a year, enjoyed the society of so many well-informed persons. They had learned from the English newspapers the object of my enterprise.

I was treated with great confidence and the commander gave me up his own state-room. They gave me at parting the astronomical Ephemerides for those years which I had not been able to procure in France or Spain. I am indebted to Captain Garnier for the observations I was enabled to make on the satellites beyond the equator and I feel it a duty to record here the gratitude I feel for his kindness. Coming from the forests of Cassiquiare, and having been confined during whole months to the narrow circle of missionary life, we felt a high gratification at meeting for the first time with men who had sailed round the world, and whose ideas were enlarged by so extensive and varied a course. I quitted the English vessel with impressions which are not yet effaced from my remembrance, and which rendered me more than ever satisfied with the career on which I had entered.

 

Lieutenant's certificate for John Miller Garnier
In pursuance, etc of the xxxxx, we have examined Mr. John Miller Garnier who by certificate appears to be more than 21 years of age, & find he has gone to sea more than eight years in the Ships and qualities undermentioned (viz)
Ship
Starting date
Quality
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Y
M
W
D
Dido 17 October 1787 Ordinary & AB
3
1
3
4
Hector 12 December 1790 AB
0
3
0
0
Chatham 06 March 1791 Midshipman
2
11
3
3
Chatham 01 February 1794 Clerk
1
8
2
2
Chatham 29 September 1795 Midshipman
0
0
2
5
 
 
Total
8
0
0
0

Journals dispensed with from the Chatham by order. He produceth Certificates from Captains Sandys, Buller and Lieutenant Puget of his diligence, etc. He can splice, knot, reef a sail, etc and is qualified to do the duty of an Able Seaman and Midshipman.

 

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Augustus Boyd Grant

Augustus Boyd Grant (~1773- )

Augustus Boyd Grant joined the Chatham on 14 March 1791 as a midshipman. He is listed as being 18 years old and from Dublin when he joined. Puget had great problems with Grant and he was discharged into the Daedalus at Hawai'i on 08 February 1794.Nothing else is known about him (11 February 2005).

 

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James Hanson

James Hanson ( -1800) (amended 16 December 2008)

The entry on James Hanson has been compiled with help from Lesley McLean, for which many thanks.

James Hanson was born in Newcastle-upon-Tyne in 1767, the son of Hargreaves and Lettice Hanson. His older brother, John Hanson, was a lawyer and is known for being the solictor and business agent of George, Lord Byron, the poet. The acquaintance with the Byrons began in 1788 prior to the poet's birth, as the midwife and the nurse were recommended by John Hanson's wife. While the poet was still a boy, he spent a most of his holidays at the Hanson home in Earls Court, London, and became close to Hanson's children. One of the sons, Hargreaves, would be Byron's contemporary at Harrow while Byron would give away the daughter, Mary Anne, at her marriage to the Earl of Portsmouth. James Hanson and Byron would have been well-known to each other.

Apparently, Byron was born with a caul (the inner membrane enclosing the foetus, which envelops the head of the newly born child). It was superstitiously regarded as a good omen and supposed to prevent drowning. Byron's caul was sold by Mrs. Mills, the nurse who attended Mrs. Byron to James Hanson but, unfortunately for Hanson, it did not work as he would die by drowning in a shipwreck.

James Hanson entered the Royal Navy on HMS Crocodile in October 1780. The ship's captain was James King, who had just returned from Cook's third voyage to the Pacific. Hanson remained with the Crocodile for 18 months before accompanying King to HMS Resistance. 21 months later Hanson moved to HMS Europa under Captain Michael de Courcy in January 1784 but only remained there for three weeks. Three months on HMS Antelope under Lieutenant Robert Cauzor followed and Hanson had left the ship before she sank in a hurricane off Jamaica in July 1784.

His next ship was the Janus, captain by John Packenham, on which he served for two years. In August 1787 he joined the Porcupine under.Captain Lambert Brabazon. Hanson passed his lieutenant's examination in March 1788. He was selected for the expedition to the Northwest Coast of America. On 17 November 1790 he became a lieutenant and joined the Chatham on 28 December in that rank as second-in-command to William Broughton, the ship's commander.

After the storeship Daedalus arrived at Nootka and Vancouver learned of the death of its commander, Richard Hergest, Hanson was appointed as the replacement agent (or commander) in his place on 29 August 1792. Hanson took the Daedalus across to New South Wales on two occasions before returning to Britain. No log or journal for Hanson from his time with Vancouver has been located.

Hanson was promoted to commander on 24 July 1795 and that year was in command of the Etrusco storeship. He remained with her until he took charge of the Favourite sloop in July 1797 and sailed her to the West Indies in January 1798. In November 1799, Hanson commissioned HMS Brazen. His appointment was noted by Byron in a letter to John Hanson:

Byron's letter
SIR,
I am not a little disappointed at your Stay, for this last week I expected you every hour; but, however, I beg it as a favour that you will come up soon from Newstead as the Holidays commence in three weeks Time. I congratulate you on Capt. Hanson's being appointed commander of The 'Brazen' Sloop of War, and I congratulate myself on Lord Portsmouth's Marriage, hoping his Lady, when he and I meet next, will keep him in a little better order. The manner I knew that Capt. Hanson was appointed Commander of the Ship before mentioned was this. I saw it in the public Paper, and now, since you are going to Newstead, I beg if you meet Gray send her a packing as fast as possible, and give my Compliments to Mrs. Hanson and to all my comrades of the Battalions in and out upon different Stations,

And remain, your little friend, BYRON.

The Brazen had been the French privateer, l'Invincible General Bounaparte, that had been captured in April 1799. Operating in the English Channel, Hanson took a prize off the Isle of Wight and sent it into Portsmouth. The following morning, 26 January 1800, Brazen was driven by a gale on to the Ave Rocks near Newhaven and was destroyed. Only one man survived and Hanson was among the dead. He left no will. There is now an obelix to Hanson's memory and the other men who died, in the churchyard of St. Michael, Newhaven.

At some time after Vancouver's voyage Hanson had married. His widow, Louisa Hanson (nee Cremer), thought to be originally from Lopham in Norfolk, was in an advanced state of pregnancy. She offered a reward for the recovery of the captain's body, which could be identified by his arm having an anchor picked out in gunpowder. Louisa Hanson gave birth at Dartford in Kent on 05 May 1800 to a son, James Hawsey Hanson. Sadly, the son died on 17 May 1802. Louisa Hanson died in Bexley, Kent in 1884, aged 103 and having been a widow for 84 years. She had only been married for 18 months when she was widowed at the age of 20, and she drew a Navy pension for over 80 years. This may be the longest recorded pension in Naval history.

Joseph Whidbey called the southern point of Gray's Harbor on the Washington coast Point Hanson but the name was not retained and it is now known as Point Chehalis. However, an island deep in Queen Charlotte Sound, north of Vancouver Island, was named by Captain Richards in 1860 and is still known as Hanson Island.

 

Lieutenant's certificate for James Hanson
In pursuance, etc of the xxxxx, we have examined Mr. James Hanson who by certificate appears to be more than 20 years of age, & find he has gone to sea more than six years in the Ships and qualities undermentioned (viz)
Ship
Starting date
Quality
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Y
M
W
D
Crocodile 24 October 1780 AB
0
6
0
1
Crocodile 11 April 1781 Midshipman
0
12
2
6
Resistance 02 December 1782 Midshipman
1
0
3
4
Resistance 27 December 1783 AB
0
0
1
2
Europa 18 January 1784 AB
0
0
3
6
Antelope 11 March 1784 AB
0
0
3
5
Antelope 06 April 1784 Midshipman
0
3
3
3
Janus 23 July 1784 AB
2
2
2
0
Porcupine 01 August 1787 AB
0
7
0
0
 
 
Total
6
5
0
6

Journals from Crocodile, Resistance, Janus and Porcupine. He produceth Certificates from Captains King, O'Bryan, De Courcy, Cawzar, Pakenham & Brabazon of his diligence, etc. He can splice, knot, reef a sail, etc and is qualified to do the duty of an Able Seaman and Midshipman. Dated the 20 March 1788.

 

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Edwin Charlton Harris

Edwin Charlton Harris (1771- ) (amended 16 December)

Edwin Charlton Harris joined the Royal Navy in October 1788 as an AB on board HMS Narcissus under Captain Philip d'Auvergne. After 14 months he moved to HMS Diana under Captain Thomas Russell still as an AB. However he only remained on the Diana for a month before joining the Discovery in February 1790. Harris was listed as being 19 years old and coming from London when he joined the Discovery. There is a birth record for an Edwin Harris who was born on 02 February 1771 and baptised on 10 April 1771 at Old Church, St. Pancras, London, the son of Thomas and Jane Harris.

Harris served as a midshipman, AB and master's mate on the voyage, all the time on the Discovery. His log from the voyage is missing. He immediately sat passed his lieutenant's examination on his return and was commissioned lieutenant on 06 November 1795. He was still on the Navy List as a lieutenant in 1805.

Harris served on the sloop Beever firstly under Commander Samuel Warner who had commissioned her in October 1795 and then from July 1796 under Commander Richard Browne. Harris transferred to the sloop Cyane in 1798 under Commander Robert Manning and sailed to the West Indies. Later that year he was on HMS Solebay under Captain Stephen Poyntz in the West Indies. His last service appears to have been on HMS Atlas from January 1799 under Captain Shuldham Peard and from April 1799 under Captain Theophilis Jones through to 1801.

In 1804, he sent a note to the Admiralty from 12 Frederick Place Hampstead indicating his inability to serve. Harris wrote his will at the same time and states he was attached to HMS Scout. He is supposed to have died in 1816 but there is some confusion with regards Edwin Harris. The list of sea officers records him as being Edwin Charlton Harris and records him as dying in 1816. A marriage record also exists for an Edwin Charlton Harris marrying Charlotte Fox on 02 May 1814 at St. James, Westminster and together they had a daughter, Elizabeth Maria, baptised 12 April 1815 at St. Mary, Lambeth.

However, there is a will (see below) for a lieutenant Edwin Charles Harris. It was written in 1804 and has him attached to HMS Scout. In it, Harris leaves his estate to his wife, Elizabeth Harris. The will was proven fourteen years later on 04 May 1818 (PROB 11/1604). It is probable that Edwin Charlton Harris and Edwin Charles Harris were one and the same. His first wife, Elizabeth, may have died and he had not written a new will mentioning his second wife, Charlotte, and their child before he died.

 

Lieutenant's certificate for Edwin Charlton Harris
In pursuance, etc of the xxxxx, we have examined Mr. Edwin Charlton Harris who by certificate appears to be more than 20 years of age, & find he has gone to sea more than six years in the Ships and qualities undermentioned (viz)
Ship
Starting date
Quality
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Y
M
W
D
Narcissus 25 October 1788 AB
1
2
3
1
Diana 11 January 1790 AB
0
1
0
4
Discovery 14 February 1790 AB
0
5
1
1
Discovery 12 July 1790 Midshipman
0
5
2
2
Discovery 16 December 1790 AB
1
1
2
5
Discovery 01 February 1792 Master's mate
1
1
0
0
Discovery 01 March 1793 AB
0
12
2
6
Discovery 20 February 1794 Midshipman
1
7
3
6
 
 
Total
6
12
0
4

Journals dispensed with from the Discovery by order. He produceth Certificates from Captains Roberts and Vancouver of his diligence, etc. He can splice, knot, reef a sail, etc and is qualified to do the duty of an Able Seaman and Midshipman. Dated the 29 October 1795.
AH, CH, Harwell.

 

Text of will
In the name of God, amen

I, Lieut. Edwin C. Harris of H.M.S. Scout, being of sound and disposing mind and memory do hereby make this my last will and testament.

First and principally I recommend my soul unto the hands of Almighty God hoping for remission of all my sins through the merits of Jesus Christ, my beloved saviour and redeemer, and my body to the earth or sea as it shall please God and as for such worldly estate and effects which I shall be possessed of or entitled unto at the time of my decease I give and bequeath the same as followeth:

That is to say I give and bequeath unto my dearly beloved wife, Elizabeth Harris, of 12 First(?) Place, Hampstead Road, Middlesex, all such wages, sum and sums of money as now is or hereafter shall be due to me for my service or otherwise on board the said ship or any other ship or vessel.

And I do hereby nominate, constitute and appoint my friends John & Mary Bunt, jointly and severally executors of this my last will and testament and I do give and bequeath unto my said executors all the rest and residue of my estate whatsoever, both xxxx and personal, hereby revoking and making void all other and former wills by me heretofore made and do declare this to be my last will and testament.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal this eighteenth day of October in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and four and in the forty fourth year of the reign of our sovereign lord, George the 3rd by the grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Graet Britain & Ireland, King, defender of the faith and so forth. Edwin C. Harris. SS. Signed, sealed, published and declared by the said E.C. Harris as and for his last will and testament in the presence of us who have hereunto subscribed our names as witnesses in the presence of the said testator. Rob. Sholl. R.M. Adams.

Proved at London 4th May 1818 before the worshipful Jesse Addams, Dr. of Laws and xxxx by the oath of John Bunt, Esq., one of the executors to whom admon was granted having been first sworn duly to administer. Power reserved to Mary Bunt, wife of John Bunt, the other executor.

Notes for the will.
The will was written in 1804, fourteen years before it was proven in 1818.

 

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Thomas Heddington

Thomas Heddington (1774-1852) (last amended 07 December 2008)

Thomas Heddington was born on 01 June 1774 and baptised on 29 June 1774 in Chatham. He was the son of Thomas and Mary Heddington. The elder Thomas Heddington had married Mary Moulden on 13 August 1765 at St. Nicholas, Rochester. Mary Moulden was baptised on 03 June 1744 at St. Clements, Sandwich, the daughter of William Moulden, a naval officer who had been a close friend of Robert Palliser Cooper.

Heddington joined the navy in 1786 and, prior to joining the Chatham, he served on the Invincible, Pegase (as Surgeons servant) and Castor. Thomas Heddington joined the Chatham on 01 February 1791 as a midshipman. He spent the whole voyage on Chatham in that position. He was skilled as an artist and he drew several of the landscape drawings that survive from the voyage. Heddington kept a log during the voyage (Adm 55/15 Chatham covers 01 Feb. 1791 to 13 Jan. 1793 and Adm 55/16 Chatham covers 14 Jan. 1793 to 02 Jul. 1795).

After the voyage, Heddington was promoted lieutenant on 06 November 1795 and appointed to HMS Kangaroo. In 1798 he was on HMS Saturn. He was not destined for life at and began a series of land-based positions. He was placed in charge of Hawkesley Signal Station, outside Birmingham, until becoming a commander on 25 September 1806. His career remained on shore and he was given positions during the Napoeonic Wars as agent for prisoners of war at Great Yarmouth, Valleyfield and Edinburgh. Near the end of the war, Heddington was a Regulating Captain in the impress service at King's Lynn. At the end of the war, he was on half-pay.

Heddington asked unsuccessfully for work in the Coastguard service in 1832. He was promoted to captain on the retired list in 1851 and died in Exeter on 02 April 1852 aged 77. Heddington married Fanny Bailey between 1841 and 1851. She had been his neighbour at Topham near Exeter in Devon. Fanny Heddington was 35 years younger than her husband. Fanny unsuccessfully applied for a widow's pension in 1860. The Admiralty had been unaware of his death until then and still listed him. Fanny Heddington died in Wandsworth in 1879. There were no children.

 

Lieutenant's certificate for Thomas Heddington
In pursuance, etc of the xx xxxx 179x, we have examined Mr. Thomas Heddington who by certificate appears to be more than 2x years of age, & find he has gone to sea more than seven years in the Ships and qualities undermentioned (viz)
Ship
Starting date
Quality
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Y
M
W
D
Pegase 19 April 1783 Surgeon's servant
3
2
1
4
Chatham 01 February 1791 Midshipman
4
0
3
2
 
 
Total
7
12
0
6

Journals dispensed with from the Chatham. He produceth Certificate from Lieutenant Puget of his diligence, etc. He can splice, knot, reef a sail, etc and is qualified to do the duty of an Able Seaman and Midshipman.

 

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Henry Humphrys

Henry Humphrys (1774-99)

There is a family tree for Henry Humphrys and Robert Barrie that shows the relationship between them. NB a new updated version of this file will be loaded soon.

The section about Henry Humphrys has been compiled with assistance from Ann Alt in Ohio, U.S.A.

Henry Humphrys was born on 24 April and baptised on 15 May 1774 in Boston, Massachusetts, the son of Henry Humphrys and his wife, Sarah. Sarah Humphrys was a sister of the naval officer, Alan Gardner. Gardner would go on to become Admiral Baron Gardner and used his influence to help young Henry progress in the navy. Another sister of Gardner and of Humphrys' mother was Dolly Clayton (née Gardner and first married to Robert Barrie), who was the mother of Robert Barrie, one of the other midshipmen who sailed with Vancouver. The two men were, therefore, cousins.

Humphrys attended the Naval Academy at Portsmouth from 1786 to 1789. During this period, Humphrys' mother, Sarah Humphrys, died on 27 May 1788 in London. Henry joined HMS Orontes as a volunteer before joining his uncle, Alan Gardner, on HMS Courageux in 1790 (Vancouver was a lieutenant on the ship at the time). Henry Humphrys joined the Discovery on 20 December 1790 as a midshipman until 01 June 1791. He then became master's mate. Humphrys was an AB from 01 February 1792 to 01 June 1793. He resumed as master's mate before, on 25 November, Humphrys transferred to become master of the Chatham. Humphrys kept a log during the voyage (Adm 55/26 Discovery, 16 Dec. 1790 to 27 Nov. 1794 and Adm 55/26 Chatham, 27 Nov. 1794 to 17 Oct. 1795). He also made many of the drawings that survive from the voyage.

After the voyage, Humphrys was made lieutenant on 06 November 1795. He was appointed to the Repulse. He joined the Centaur in January 1797 but, in June 1798, he was found guilty in a court martial of neglect of duty compounded with disrespect to his captain. He was dismissed from his ship and placed at the bottom of the lieutenant's list. He died, however, on 21 October 1799 of smallpox at his lodgings in Sackville Street in London. Humphrys was buried at Kensington attended by several of his colleagues who had sailed to the Northwest Coast, including Manby, Barrie and Pitt. He left no will.

His father rewrote his will after Henry's death as it is dated 16 November 1799 and makes no reference to Henry. Henry Humphrys senior died in early 1801, his will being proven on 31 January 1801. Humphrys had run a business based in Constantinople with his brother called John and Henry Humphrys & co. After John's death, the company's name changed to Humphrys and Sons. It would seem that the company traded all sorts and acted as an agent for the East India Company and the Danish Government. Peter Puget's brother-in -law, William Latouche routed a letter written in Bombay via Henry Humphry, Constantinople.

The will mentions another son, John Montagu Humphrys. It also mentions a brother, John (already dead) and an unnamed niece residing in Constantinople. Henry leaves bequests to his sisters-in-law, Dolly Clayton (Robert Barrie's mother) and Ann Dixon. A Sarah Collins of Tunbridge (perhaps Humphrys' own sister) and James and Clara Jolly (listed as nephew and niece) also receive bequests.

The most intriguing bequests are to a William Mardon, "an infant at present under the care of Mr. John Staple of Exmouth". Who this child was is a total mystery.

 

Lieutenant's certificate for Henry Humphrys
In pursuance, etc of the xxxxx, we have examined Mr. Henry Humphrys who by certificate appears to be more than 21 years of age, & find he has gone to sea more than eight years in the Ships and qualities undermentioned (viz)
Ship
Starting date
Quality
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Y
M
W
D
Portsmouth Academy 15 November 1786 scholar
3
0
0
0
Orestes 28 October 1789 Volunteer
0
8
3
2
Orestes 02 July 1790 Midshipman
0
3
3
4
Courageux 19 October 1790 Midshipman
0
2
0
4
Discovery 20 December 1790 Midshipman & Master's mate
1
1
2
1
Discovery 01 February 1792 AB
1
4
1
1
Discovery 01 June 1793 Master's mate
1
6
1
3
Chatham 26 November 1794 Master
0
11
2
4
 
 
Total
8
12
2
5

Journals dispensed with from the Discovery and Chatham by order. He produceth Certificates from Captains Stevens, Gardner, Vancouver and Lieutenant Puget of his diligence, etc. He can splice, knot, reef a sail, etc and is qualified to do the duty of an Able Seaman and Midshipman.

 

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James Johnstone

James Johnstone (1759-1823) (amended 14 December 2008)

James Johnstone was born in the Scottish Border region about 1759. He joined the navy in February 1779 as captain's servant on HMS Keppel, a 14 gun sloop recently commissioned by Lieutenant Richard Whitworth. A year later he moved to the recently capture French frigate, HMS La Fortunée, which was commissioned by Captain Hugh Christian in April 1780. La Fortunée sailed to New York and on to the West Indies before returning to Portsmouth. In May 1781 she sailed to Jamaica before taking part in the battle off Chesapeake Bay. In October 1782 Johnstone transferred to HMS Formidable under Captain James Samber. Samber took the ship to New York then West Indies and finally back to Portsmouth.

Johnstone joined HMS Queen in August 1783. She had been recommissioned in the April by Captain John Wainwright but Johnstone only remained with her for two months. In the October he joined HMS Assistance which had been recommissioned that year by Captain William Bentinck. It was flying the broad pennant of Sir Charles Douglas.

Also on board the Assistance was Archibald Menzies, the surgeon's second mate, with whom Johnstone would form a lifelong friendship. Johnstone was appointed master in 1785 and received his master's certificate after the voyage in 1786. He and Menzies were discharged on 22 August 1786 at Chatham. Johnstone passed his lieutenant's examination in the September but he would not receive his commission for another seven years.

Johnstone signed on as mate of the Prince of Wales under James Colnett for a private commercial sea otter fur trading voyage to the Northwest Coast of America, which left Britain in October 1786. Menzies was also on board. In January 1789, Johnstone assumed command of the Prince of Wales in Macao when Colnett opted to take another ship, the Argonaut, back to the American coast. Johnstone took the ship back to Britain, arriving in July 1789. Rejoining the navy, Johnstone was appointed to superintend a division of ships in ordinary at Plymouth.

On 03 January 1791, James Johnstone joined Vancouver for his forthcoming expedition to the Northwest Coast of America as master of Vancouver's companion vessel, the Chatham. His old friend, Archibald Menzies, would join him on the voyage. Another friendship would develop with Adam Brown from Chatham's crew. Johnstone's experience of the coast and of surveying in small boats made him indispensable member of the expedition and he carried out many of the arduous surveys.

He kept a log of which only a part survives (Adm 53/335 Chatham, 02 Jan. 1791-20 May 1792). He also made some drawings and charts. Johnstone Strait, north of Vancouver Island, is named for him as are Johnstone Bay and Johnstone Point in or near Prince William Sound.

After the voyage, Johnstone, who had been acting lieutenant on the Chatham since 11 June 1793, was confirmed in that rank. He is believed to served on HMS Shannon in early 1796 before returning to HMS Formidable now under Captain George Murray. In 1796, Johnstone moved to HMS Sans Pareil under Captain William Browell and in 1798 they sailed to the West Indies. Menzies was also on board.

In September 1801, the 18-gun ship-sloop Lark, under acting-commander lieutenant James Johnstone, was near Cuba, when it fell in with and captured the Spanish privateer-schooner Esperanza. Johnstone was promoted commander on 22 June 1802 and had command of the Shark sloop in 1802. He recommissioned the Ceres as a slop ship at the Nore in 1803 and was in charge of the Alert sloop from July 1804 in the North Sea.

Johnstone was in command of HMS Curieux from July 1805. He captured two Spanish privateers: the Brilliano in November 1805 and the Baltidore in February 1806. Johnstone was promoted captain in 22 January 1806 and was appointed to HMS Leopard in 1808. On 06 May, Leopard was part of a convoy to the Cape of Good Hope and continued to the East Indies where it acted as flagship of Vice-Admiral Albermarle Bertie. In April 1810, Johnstone and the Leopard were part of a force that attacked the Ile de France (Mauritius).

In 1810, Johnstone transferred to HMS Scipion under Rear Admiral Stopford who took over the East Indies station. Stopford, with a fleet of Royal Navy ships and East India Company vessels captured the island of Java on 18 September 1811. Johnstone became Commissioner of the Navy in Bombay in 1811 but, in 1817, when he was to succeed Peter Puget (a colleague from the Vancouver expedition) in a similar role in Madras, his health failed. He returned to Britain with Puget.

Johnstone went to live in Paris. He died in London at Menzies's home on 01 April 1823. In his will proven 21 November 1823 (PROB 11/1677), Johnstone named his old friends, Menzies and Brown, as his executors. As well as leaving items to them he also left items to his half-brother Thomas Johnstone, a minister in Berwick-upon-Tweed, and to his sister, Mary Clark (married to John Clark) of Annan.

 

Lieutenant's certificate for James Johnstone
In pursuance, etc of the xxxxx, we have examined Mr. James Johnstone who by certificate appears to be more than 27 years of age, & find he has gone to sea more than six years in the Ships and qualities undermentioned (viz)
Ship
Starting date
Quality
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Y
M
W
D
Keppel 02 February 1779 AB
1
0
3
0
La Fortune 06 March 1780 Midshipman & Master's mate
2
8
0
1
Formidable 07 October 1782 AB
0
3
3
0
Formidable 02 February 1783 Master's mate
0
6
1
4
Queen 05 August 1783 Midshipman
0
2
1
0
Assistance 07 October 1783 Midshipman & Master's mate
1
6
2
1
 
 
Total
6
1
3
2

Journals from La Fortune, Formidable and Assistance. He produceth Certificates from Captains Christian, Samber, Wainwright and Bentinck of his diligence, etc. He can splice, knot, reef a sail, etc and is qualified to do the duty of an Able Seaman and Midshipman. Dated the 05 September 1786.

 

Text of will
This is the last will and testament of me, James Johnstone, a captain in His Majesty's Royal Navy, now residing in the city of Paris.

First, I will and direct that all my just debts and funeral and testamentary expenses be paid by my executors hereinafter xxxx as soon as can be after my decease.

I give and bequeath to Captain John Simpson the sum of two thousand francs routes(?) five per cent consols that is one hundred louis of twenty francs being part of the sum of twelve thousand six hundred and thirty francs routes(?) inscribed in my name in the Great Book of the National Debt of France avoiding(?) the purport and xxxxxxx of certain paper writing under my hand dated the twenty seventh day of March, one thousand eight hundred and twenty one given him by me.

I also give and bequeath the further sum of ten thousand six hundred and thirty francs routes(?) five per cent consols other and remaining part of the said twelve thousand six hundred and thirty francs routes(?) together with all such other sum and sums of money as may be inscribed in my name in the said Great Book at the time of my decease and the interest, dividends and proceeds which shall or may be due and owing on the whole of my said routes(?) unto Archibald Menzies, Chapel Place, Cavendish Square in the County of Middlesex, esquire, and Adam Brown, a commander in His Majesty's Royal Navy, their executors, admons and assigns in equal shares and proportions for their own proper use and benefit.

I also give and bequeath all and every share or shares of which I may be possessed or interested in at the time of my death of and in the Waterloo Bridge Company and the profit and proceeds to arise thereout unto the said Adam Brown, his executors, administrators and assigns for his and their own use and benefit.

I also give and bequeath all my property in the East Indies producing an annual interest of three hundred and eighty seven pounds, ten shillings and sixpence and which is remitted to the house of Coutts and Company, banker, London by the Accountant General at Bombay and also the sum of two hundred and fifty pounds three per cent reduced annuities now standing in my name in the books of the Governor and Company of the Bank of England unto my half-brother, Thomas Johnstone, now or late of Berwick-upon-Tweed, Minister of the gospel, and to my sister, Mary Clark, the wife of John Clark of [space] near Annan in North Britain, miller, to be equally divided between them share and share alike, the share of the said Mary Clark to be paid and payable to her for her own and sole and separate use and upon her separate receipt and receipts and not to be subject to the debts, control, contracts or engagements of her present or any future husband, to have, hold, receive and take the said several shares of the said several sums of money to them, the said Thomas Johnstone and Mary Clark, to and for his and her own proper use, benefit and disposal for ever.

And in the case of the death of either of them during my life time leaving any child or children then I will and direct that the share of him or her so dying shall go to and be paid to such child or children in equal proportions.

And in case the said Thomas Johnstone shall happen to die in my life time without leaving any such child or children then my will is that the whole of the said property in the East Indies and the said sum of two hundred and fifty pounds in the three per cent reduced annuities shall go to and be paid to the said Mary Clark in the same manner as is heretobefore mentioned in respect of her share in case Thomas Johnstone and Mary Clark shall both happen to survive me.

But in case the said Mary Clark shall not happen to survive me and shall not leave any child or children then I will and direct that such share of the said property and money as aforesaid shall be and become part of my residuary estate and effects hereonafter given and bequested.

I do further give and bequeath unto the said Captain John Simpson all such of my charts as are now in the possession of Dr. Walker at Portsmouth to and for his own use and benefit.

I do further give and bequeath unto the said Adam Brown all my nautical instruments and such of my charts, arms, etc as are now in the possession of the said Archibald Menzies and all the nautical instruments and arms in the possession of the said Dr. Walker to and for his own use and benefit.

And I do further give and bequeath unto the said Archibald Menzies for his own use and benefit all my linen, plate, china, glass and other articles of furniture now in his own custody or in that of Dr. Walker.

And as to all the lost residue and remainder of my goods, chattels, monies, securities, for xxxx personal estate and efforts whatsoever either in the said United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland or France or elsewhere after payment of my just debts, funeral and testamentary expenses and the legacies heretobefore mentioned, I give and bequeath the same unto the said Archibald Menzies and Adam Brown, their executors, administrators and assigns equally to be divided between them share and share alike to and for their and each of their own proper use and benefit for ever.

And I nominate and appoint the said Archibald Menzie and Adam Brown executors of this my last will and testament hereby revoking all former and other wills by me at any time heretofore made and declaring this only to be my last will and testament. In witness thereof, I, the said James Johnstone, the testator, have to this my last will and testament contained in three sheets of paper to the first two sheets thereof set my hand and to this last my hand and seal this twentieth day of April one thousand eight hundred twenty one. James Johnstone. SS. Signed, sealed, published and declared by the testator, James Johnstone, as and for his last will and testament in the presence of us who in his presence at his request and in the presence of each other have hereunto subscribed our names as witnesses. Thos. Phillips, Banker in Paris. John Eyde Manning, Solicitor to the British Embassy in Paris.

Proved at London, 21st November 1823 before the Worshipful John Danbury, Doctor of Laws and Surrogate by the oaths of Archibald Menzies (in the will written Menzie) and Adam Brown, esquires, the executors to whom admon was granted being first sworn duly to administer. A definite xxxx in writing having been first read, signed, xxxxx and given for the xxxx and validity of the said will as by Acts of Court appeal.

 

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